The establishment of greenspace in the urban environment is often seen as a daunting process. To be truly sustainable, the objectives for a greenspace and its place within the urban environment must be determined fully from the outset and considered within the site investigation process. The planning and design processes must include stakeholder and community involvement, with special emphasis on the communities they are established to serve.

Technical establishment practices have evolved greatly over recent years, with greater focus on in situ reclamation techniques. These often involve the use of materials derived from the waste stream, which in turn can contribute to a greener society. Increased environmental awareness has resulted in the need to consider future factors such as climate change, the risk of pests and diseases, and changes in social behaviour.

Soil formation

• Addition of compost to soil
• Cultivation
• Materials for soil formation
• Use of waste materials

Site establishment

• Planting practice
• Short rotation coppice
• Species choice
• Wetland establishment