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At what point do the key structural or functional aspects identified in Step 1 become threatened and require action, either to avoid the threshold being reached or to bring the system back to a desirable state? These are often challenging questions and the answers are highly dependent on the system of interest and the local context (see the table below). There may be several acceptable alternative states (e.g. woodland of varying age or species structure), but maintenance of the system (i.e. always a form of woodland) may be the goal. Natural systems may not rapidly return to the pre-disturbance state, requiring judgements regarding whether recovery is taking place or if the path is one of degradation, in which case interventions may be required. An acceptable length of time for recovery to the pre-disturbance state should be selected.
Guiding questions and examples for Step 3
Guiding questions applicable to all settings |
Conservation organisation woodland |
Is the level of acceptable change defined by structure? For example, mortality of certain species or habitat loss. |
Positive:
Negative:
|
Is the level of acceptable change defined by function? For example, reduced carbon sequestration or income. |
Positive:
Negative:
|
Are the boundaries fuzzy or precise? |
Species change and visitor numbers can be measured for a precise boundary Desired level of natural regeneration is a fuzzy boundary |
Are thresholds involved? |
Multiple thresholds, including the required compliment of indicator species to achieve the desired habitat |
Are there potential trade-offs or different stakeholder priorities? |
Increase in visitors (desirable for public engagement) could result in site damage and wildlife disturbance |
Scale and position of acceptabilityChange in a system may be more or less acceptable at different levels and scales in different organisations. The group might want to break into smaller groups to consider how a change could affect different stakeholders. For example, if a native tree species is affected by disease, what other species might this have an impact on? People and organisations will be invested with different interests, so take a moment to identify the groups you might not usually consider. Here are some possible questions to think about:
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