A secondary analysis of data from an online, UK representative survey, in-depth interviews and photo elicitation was used to investigate the terms people use to describe trees and places with trees, the importance of trees to perceptions of naturalness and nature connection, and whether trees were associated with greater wellbeing.

General terms for trees and places with trees were used more frequently, and the presence of trees enhanced perceptions of naturalness, nature connection and wellbeing.

It is recommended that future research should take account of language preferences in the design of further studies and interventions.

Additionally, more research is needed on the perceptions and benefits of rural trees outside woodland.