[Archive] The green spruce aphid in Western Europe: ecology, status. impacts and prospects for management

The development and regulation of green spruce aphid pest problems in Europe were the subject of a European Community Concerted Action funded in part by the EC Agriculture, Fisheries, Forestry and Agro-Industry Specific Programme as project AIR3- CT94-1883. This Technical Paper is the product of a collaboration between forest research institutes in the four European […]

Nearest neighbour method for quantifying wildlife damage to trees in woodland

This Practice Note discusses in detail the nearest neighbour method and its use as a decision-making tool for wildlife management.

The prevention of rabbit damage to trees in woodland

Rabbits have increased considerably in numbers in the British countryside. This Note gives a brief description of the problems associated with rabbits and summarises the control methods available.

The prevention of mammal damage to trees in woodland

This note is designed to help woodland managers diagnose mammal damage, to evaluate its severity, to consider management options and to determine the appropriate action to take. Suggested sources of more detailed information on damage control operations are included.

[Archive] Phytotoxicity of insecticides used to control aphids on Sitka spruce

[Archive] Christmas tree pests

When conifers have been grown for Christmas trees in lowland arable farmland areas under an intensive short-rotation system, it has sometimes been found difficult to produce good quality foliage without embarking on some kind of insect control. Thirty-one species of aphids, moths, sawflies, beetles and mites are of concern to growers of Christmas trees in […]

[Archive] Diseases and disorders of forest trees: a guide to identifying causes of ill health in woods and plantations

Part I provides some useful guidelines by which managers and owners can investigate health problems in their trees through straightforward field observations. Part II is a key to the major problems of plantation trees. Part III describes the main features of some of the more common and most important diseases and disorders of forest trees […]

[Archive] Weed control in Christmas tree plantations

Good weed control is essential for quality Christmas tree production. Herbicides are usually the most cost-effective way of achieving this. Two principal categories of Christmas tree production can be identified: production in forest plantations and specialist horticultural production. For these two situations, suitable candidate herbicides are identified, and guidance on their safe and effective use […]

[Archive] Herbicides for farm woodlands and short rotation coppice

Information is given on the use of herbicides in farm woodland and short rotation coppice. Recommendations are given for suitable herbicides for a range of crop and weed species. Approval status, approved products, crop tolerance, weed susceptibility and herbicide mixtures are discussed. A lengthy appendix lists notices of approval for proprietary products. This publication is […]

[Archive] Borates for stump protection: a literature review

The use of borates for the control of Fomes root and butt rot of conifers is reviewed in relation to the history of their use in wood preservatives, their efficacy as stump treatment materials, and their effect on the environment. Effectiveness, phytotoxicity, vertebrate toxicity, and environmental impact are all considered. Borates are effective in controlling […]

[Archive] The use of herbicides in the forest (4th edition)

A comprehensive account of chemical weed control techniques for use in forestry. Covers pesticide legislation, safety precautions and good working practices, herbicides for use against specific weed vegetation types, farm forestry weed control, protective clothing and personal equipment, application equipment and output guides, lists of herbicides and manufacturers, sources of advice, and an index of […]

[Archive] Forest nursery herbicides

Information is given on the use of forest nursery herbicides. Much of this information is based on the results of Forestry Commission experiments. A brief description of the types of herbicides is given followed by information on the various herbicides which can be used at the different stages of forest nursery stock production. This publication […]